![]() Spontaneous mutations are the cause of about 30% of hemophilia cases. Her father, Edward, Duke of Kent, was not a hemophiliac and there was no history of hemophilia in the family of her mother, Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. ![]() It is probable that the royal hemophilia appeared because of a spontaneous mutation in Queen Victoria. ![]() When bleeding occurs in a vital organ, especially the brain, a hemophiliac’s life is in danger. There can be bleeding in joints, especially knees, ankles, and elbows, and in tissues and muscles. External bleeding is usually not serious, but internal bleeding can be very problematic. A hemophiliac will not bleed more profusely or more quickly than other people but will bleed for a longer time. Hemophilia is a genetic disease that prevents the blood from clotting properly. 1 However Queen Victoria came to be a carrier of the gene, it sure caused a lot of suffering.By Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2012 Tests on the remains of the Imperial Family of Russia (who were related to Queen Victoria through her daughter Alice) show that Victoria’s great-grandson the Tsarevich Alexei suffered from the relatively rare Haemophilia B, while his sister Anastasia was a carrier of the gene. Of their three sons, one was a haemophiliac, while their only daughter Victoria Eugenie was a carrier of the gene.īut how did Queen Victoria end up with the haemophilia gene? Her father certainly wasn’t a haemophiliac, so it is likely to have been a spontaneous mutation of the gene. Princess Beatrice married Prince Henry of Battenberg in 1885. Of her five daughters, two were definitely carriers- Alix, the future Tsarina of Russia and Irene, who married Prince Henry of Prussia – of the gene as they passed it on to their children. Of Alice’s two sons, one suffered from haemophilia and the two-year-old Friedrich died after a fall. Princess Alice married the future Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse in 1862 and they went on to have seven children together. She gave birth to a son named Leopold Charles Edward George Albert a few months later. Leopold died after suffering a fall in 1884, leaving behind a pregnant Helena. They had a daughter named Princess Alice of Albany in 1883, and she too was a carrier of the gene for haemophilia, and she passed to her son Rupert who died in a car crash at the age of 20. Leopold married Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont in 1882. This unfortunate defect… is often not outgrown & no remedy or medicine does it any good.” He continued to have accidents and resorted to wearing a knee-pad. It is very sad for the poor Child – for really I fear he will never be able to enter any active service. Victoria wrote, “Your poor little namesake is again laid up with a bad knee from a fall – which appeared to be of no consequence. ![]() Queen Victoria first mentioned a “defect” in a letter to the King of the Belgians on 2 August 1859 – there had clearly been a diagnosis though it is unknown if they were aware of the hereditary aspect. When Leopold began to walk, it was noticed that he bruised easily. In addition to Prince Leopold, two of Queen Victoria’s daughters – Princess Alice and Princess Beatrice – carried the gene for haemophilia and passed it on. In 1891, researchers finally showed that the blood of haemophiliacs took longer to clot. She once wrote, “No one knows the constant fear I am in about him.” Yet at the time, it was thought he simply had weak veins or some kind of male menstruation. Queen Victoria’s youngest son Prince Leopold turned out to have the so-called “royal disease” and Victoria lived with continuous guilt. When the future Queen Victoria was born in 1819, no one knew that she was the carrier of a blood disease that would go down in history as the “royal disease.” Haemophilia was quite misunderstood in Queen Victoria’s day, and few haemophiliacs were expected to live to adulthood.
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Set sail on the glistening water in your island canoe, swim to your heart’s content, and explore the scenery on a watercraft. Welcome to Sulani, where the sun shines bright and the nights are totally chill. Embrace traditional events, wear native clothing styles or sip on some kava. ![]() Whether they contribute to the conservation effort or prefer living off the grid, your Sims can take the plunge and enjoy what this unique culture has to offer. Official description Įscape the ordinary and enjoy a laid-back lifestyle.Įxplore a breezy world drenched in sun, sand and endless fun as your Sims make their own paradise in The Sims 4 Island Living. A conservationist career is also introduced along with lifeguard, diver and fisherman part-time jobs. Newcomer Sims to Sulani can introduce themselves to the friendly locals, who have many interesting traditions and can teach them more about their culture through their folklore stories. Alongside mermaids, Sims can befriend dolphins, friendly aquatic creatures. Sims can enjoy themselves in many relaxing beach activities, lounging in cool waters, or exploring the oceans by either snorkeling or canoeing, where they can even meet mermaids, a playable life state reintroduced in this pack from The Sims 3: Island Paradise. The expansion pack allows Sims to live in the world of Sulani, a tropical island full of deep waters, beaches and volcanic activity. It is a spiritual successor to The Sims 3: Island Paradise, with some elements of Vacation Island from The Sims: Vacation, Felicity Island and Wanmami Island from The Sims: Castaway Stories, Twikkii Island from The Sims 2: Bon Voyage and the downloadable world Sunlit Tides from The Sims 3 Store. The PS4 and Xbox One versions were released on July 16, 2019. The expansion pack was officially announced during EA Play on Jand released on Jfor PC and Mac. Its official description alongside various images were accidentally leaked by EA in Origin on June 7, 2019, essentially confirming the earlier rumors as and leaks to be true. Custom Content or Mods? On console - never used.The Sims 4: Island Living is the seventh expansion pack for The Sims 4. Have you installed any customization with the game, e.g. What do you expect to see? To be able to play with the island living pack What happens when the bug occurs? When ever you play a game with the island living pack Everything from the pack disappears from the game Steps: How can we find the bug ourselves? Play a game with the island living pack for a couple of days Game packs: Dream home decorator, journey to the batuu, realm of magic and vampires. What expansions, game packs, and stuff packs do you have installed? Expansion packs: Discover university, island living, get famous,seasons, cats & dogs, and city living. What is your current game version number? FPO1 How often does the bug occur? Every time (100%) Which language are you playing the game in? English I hear there is a repair option, is it available of console? Please help me out I just want to get back into my game. And I am definitely not paying $40 for an expansion I know I already had. ![]() When I go to the menu in Sims 4 it says that Get Together is Unowned. After looking at what the pack contains I can confirm that I had this pack, I have seen the little "Get together" logo many times in buy/build mode and my dj booth was gone as was my jenga table and several lights and rugs. The only items that were replaced were from that pack. I went into the house saw what was missing and realized that it was The Get Together expansion. The game is in english now and the problem still persists. Recently I tried to get it to work again, by uninstalling/reinstalling everything. I had no idea what was missing and tried to uninstall/reinstall many times and it never worked. One day after trying to load my save the error message appeared: "game data incomplete" blah blah blah saying that stuff was missing and all that. So okay, I spent a lot of time and money playing Sims 4 on Xbox One S particularly on one household. ![]() Information, Guides and Announcements for the EA app. ![]() ![]() Toggle on/off Cross-Platform Gameplay to limit who your children can play with (Note: Currently Roblox doesn’t support cross-platform messaging, so Xbox players can’t message players on other platforms). ![]() You should limit games to those curated by Roblox staff as follows: Additionally, this means you will get a separate parent login so you can check up on your child’s interactions. This will trigger the appropriate safe-chat with a higher level of filtering. It’s worth checking out the Roblox website for guidance.įirst, it is important that you enter the correct date of birth for your child’s account. There are other parental controls that can be used in the game to ensure Roblox is super safe for younger players. This is how game makers make a profit from their creations made on Roblox Studio. It’s worth talking to your child about this commercial aspect of the game before they play.Īll the games work fine without additional content, but at the same time will signpost players to benefits of spending money. Kids can purchase Robux for cash which is then spent on equipment and outfits in the games.Įnsure that you are tracking and password-protecting credit cards on your systems, so no unanticipated purchases are made. Although do note that setting a child’s age as under 13 doesn’t limit the games they can access.Īlthough the Roblox is a free game to play, children are incentivised to make purchases in the game with real money. This limits the playable games to those selected by Roblox itself. The action to take is to specify the Account Restrictions setting in the linked Roblox account. One game we tried, Hotline, tasked players with knocking each other over with guns or knives before then beating each other’s head until they died with blood splatters. Roblox filters and checks the games being created both for inappropriate images and profanity. 13+: content is suitable for everyone aged 13 and older with frequent instances of more serious violence and small amounts of realistic blood.9+: content is suitable for everyone aged 9 and older with more instances of mild violence or heavy amounts of unrealistic blood.all ages: content is suitable for everyone with only mild violence or small amounts of unrealistic blood.Roblox includes age recommendations on all content on the platform. However, PEGI has altered their rating from PEGI 7 to Parental Guidance Recommended because of the amount of user-generated content. Combine this with the millions of other players to compete against in challenges and you have the perfect recipe for youngsters to enjoy.Īs with any online game, there are some dangers to be aware of, though, which we’ll go through now.īecause the content in Roblox is user-generated it doesn’t fall under the same rigorous age ratings as content made by commercial companies. This ever-changing and expanding library of games is a big part of why so many are playing Roblox. Creators can quickly update and adjust their games with Roblox studio to match the demands of the huge playing community. One child has an idea about a game to play, others join him or her and the rules slowly change as the group decides how to have fun together. Roblox games reflect the sort of imaginative play you often find in the playground. Games like Prison Escape, Work in a Pizza Place, Shark Attack or Disaster Survival offer a playful way to experience adult-like scenarios in quick competitive rounds played socially. These games can then be played by children worldwide, often online together, through a phone or tablet application or a web browser. And that means they can try ideas that wouldn’t get funded for a commercial release. These game makers are able to create and publish games to the community using simple tools. Roblox is an online game creator system where the majority of the content is created by “amateur” game creators in Roblox studio. That’s why we’ve put together a quick guide to help you understand what makes Roblox so popular and how to ensure your kids don’t get any nasty surprises. However, children can play it safely and enjoyably with little supervision and understanding. There are many Roblox rumours, fake scare stories, and incorrect advice rife on social media and even in newspapers that demonise the game. After all, much of Roblox is played online. That makes it all the more exciting but can also lead to fears over its safety. Like Minecraft before it, its attraction to youngsters is partly because mum and dad don’t get it. Roblox has been a major hit with children worldwide, even though it is an odd-looking and often confusing game. You've got to capture and hold the attention of somebody passing by. How can you make yours stand out?īecause of these circumstances, your poster has a finite amount of time in which to be effective. It's a bit like advertising: there's so much advertising out there on the sides of buses and telephone boxes and street hoardings. Your poster will not be at the top of their list of things to do, and even if it was, your poster has to shout louder than all the other posters to get some attention. There'll be people milling about the conference venue, laden with conference programme, coffee and biscuits, looking for people to network with. If you're presenting a poster at a conference, for instance, there'll be other posters there too. You could then mark out your actual poster size with guides, which is what we're going to look at next.Īcademic posters are generally social animals: you'll seldom see one on its own. So you would need to set your page up to 85.7 x 61.0 if it needs to be printed in this way. Because of your bleed, any cropping along these lines will give a printed image to the edge of the paper with no white excess.Īn A1 poster needs a width of 84.1cm and a height of 59.4cm.Īdding 3mm of bleed to all four sides gives a width of 84.7cm and a height of 60cm.Īdding 5mm margins for the crop marks gives a width of 85.7cm and a height of 61cm. Any content on the edge of your page should overflow into this bleed area.Ĭrop marks are short lines indicating where the printed result should be trimmed to obtain the required paper size. These are in addition to the poster size.īleed is the area outside the desired printed size - typically 3mm. The University's Design & Print service are used to posters produced in PowerPoint, but if you're using an alternative printer (or if you need important detail right up to the edge of your poster), you will need to check requirements for size, 'bleed' area and crop marks and account for those in your page set-up.įor professional use, a PDF should be supplied with a 'bleed' area and a margin containing crop marks. When using PowerPoint, simply make sure you have sufficient margins and none of your important content is too close to the edge. It would be printed on over-sized paper and then trimmed to the correct size. In commercial design work you would extend backgrounds beyond the edge (into what's called the 'bleed' area). It would get very messy.īecause of this, if your design includes content or background to the very edge, a few mm will be missed off and the paper will be trimmed to give a clean line (without any white edges). Here, you can see the imperial measurements in inches of standard poster sizes.Printing devices never print to the very edge of the paper, otherwise they'd get ink everywhere. These smaller sizes are more commonly used for printing leaflets and flyers rather than posters due to the size. ![]() For imperial poster measurements, sizes tend to come in large, medium and small, with smaller posters than this reverting to the previously explained, A4 size or smaller. When it comes to imperial measurements, inches are used as the unit of measurement. ![]() Imperial Poster SizesAlthough metric A0-A10 poster sizes are commonly used throughout the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, imperial poster sizes are still sometimes used, particularly throughout the US. ![]() A2 is half of A1, A3 half of A2 and so on until you reach a very small A10 size, measuring just 26mm by 37mm. How do poster sizes scale up?To get a better understanding of how poster sizes scale up in comparison to one another, A0 is the largest size at 841mm by 1189mm, then A1 is exactly half of this size, measuring 594mm by 841mm. Within the image above, you can also see that the A0-A10 poster sizes are shown in both mm and inch measurement units, so always ensure that you are using the right form of the measurement unit when working out which poster size is the right one for you.Ī standard piece of writing or print paper used in all offices and homes is A4, which can give you an idea for a starting point. To understand an idea of scale, the above image allows you to see the poster sizes layered together, where you can see the difference in sizes as the A paper number increases. This runs from A0 to A10, with A0 being the largest poster size and A10 being the smallest poster size. Used internationally, poster sizes work most commonly in A paper sizing codes. |
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